"भारतातील मूळ भाषिकांच्या संख्येनुसार भाषांची यादी" च्या विविध आवृत्यांमधील फरक
Sandesh9822 (चर्चा | योगदान) No edit summary खूणपताका: मोबाईल संपादन मोबाईल वेब संपादन |
Sandesh9822 (चर्चा | योगदान) No edit summary खूणपताका: मोबाईल संपादन मोबाईल वेब संपादन |
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ओळ २६५: | ओळ २६५: | ||
| 60 || [[Sema language|Sema]] || 103,529 || 0.010% |
| 60 || [[Sema language|Sema]] || 103,529 || 0.010% |
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== List of mother tongues by number of speakers == |
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Each of the ''languages'' of the 2001 census subsumes one or more ''mother tongues''. Speaker numbers are available for these mother tongues and they are also included in the speaker numbers for their respective language. The following table lists those mother tongues that have more than one million speakers. Per the General Notes from the 2001 census: "Mother tongue is the language spoken in childhood by the person’s mother to the person. If the mother died in infancy, the language mainly spoken in the person’s home in childhood will be the mother tongue."<ref name=2001notes>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/gen_note.html Census Data 2001 General Notes]</ref> |
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{| class = "wikitable sortable" |
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|+ Mother tongues with more than one million speakers<ref name="2001Stm1"/> |
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!rowspan=2| Rank ||rowspan=2| Mother tongue ||colspan=2| 2001 census || rowspan=2|Included<br/>in language |
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|- |
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! Speakers || Percentage |
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|- |
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| 1 || [[Hindi]] || 257,919,635 || 25.071% || |
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|- |
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| 2 || [[Bengali language|Bengali]] || 82,462,437 || 8.016% || |
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|- |
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| 3 || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || 73,817,148 || 7.176% || |
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|- |
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| 4 || [[Marathi language|Marathi]] || 71,701,478 || 6.970% || |
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|- |
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| 5 || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || 60,655,813 || 5.896% || |
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|- |
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| 6 || [[Urdu]] || 51,533,954 || 5.009% || |
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|- |
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| 7 || [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] || 45,715,654 || 4.444% || |
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|- |
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| 8 || [[Kannada]] || 37,742,232 || 3.669% || |
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|- |
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| 9 || [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] || 33,099,497 || 3.217% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 10 || [[Malayalam]] || 33,015,420 || 3.209% || |
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|- |
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| 11 || [[Odia language|Odia]] || 32,110,482 || 3.121% || |
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|- |
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| 12 || [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] || 28,152,794 || 2.737% || |
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|- |
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| 13 || [[Rajasthani language|Rajasthani]] || 18,355,613 || 1.784% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 14 || [[Magahi language|Magadhi/Magahi]] || 13,978,565 || 1.359% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 15 || [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]] || 13,260,186 || 1.289% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 16 || [[Assamese language|Assamese]] || 12,778,735 || 1.242% || |
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|- |
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| 17 || [[Maithili language|Maithili]] || 12,178,673 || 1.184% || |
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|- |
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| 18 || [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]] || 7,997,192 || 0.777% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 19 || [[Marwari language|Marwari]] || 7,936,183 || 0.771% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 20 || [[Santali language|Santali]] || 5,943,679 || 0.578% || |
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|- |
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| 21 || [[Malvi language|Malvi]] || 5,565,167 || 0.541% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 22 || [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] || 5,362,349 || 0.521% || |
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|- |
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| 23 || [[Mewari language|Mewari]] || 5,091,697 || 0.495% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 24 || [[Khotta language|Khortha/Khotta]] || 4,725,927 || 0.459% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 25 || [[Bhili language|Bhili/Bhilodi]] || 3,313,481 || 0.322% || |
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|- |
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| 26 || [[Bundeli language|Bundeli/Bundelkhan]] || 3,072,147 || 0.299% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 27 || [[Nepali language|Nepali]] || 2,867,922 || 0.279% || |
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|- |
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| 28 || [[Bagheli language|Bagheli]] || 2,865,011 || 0.278% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 29 || [[Pahari language|Pahari]] || 2,832,825 || 0.275% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 30 || [[Lambadi language|Lamani/Lambadi]] || 2,707,562 || 0.263% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 31 || [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] || 2,529,308 || 0.246% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 32 || [[Wagdi language|Wagdi]] || 2,510,811 || 0.244% || [[Bhili language|Bhili]] |
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|- |
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| 33 || [[Gondi language|Gondi]] || 2,505,247 || 0.244% || |
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|- |
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| 34 || [[Harauti language|Harauti]] || 2,462,867 || 0.239% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 35 || [[Konkani language|Konkani]] || 2,420,140 || 0.235% || |
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|- |
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| 36 || [[Dogri language|Dogri]] || 2,282,547 || 0.222% || |
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|- |
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| 37 || [[Garhwali language|Garhwali]] || 2,267,314 || 0.220% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 38 || [[Nimadi language|Nimadi]] || 2,148,146 || 0.209% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 39 || [[Sadri language|Sadan/Sadri]] || 2,044,776 || 0.199% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 40 || [[Kumaoni language|Kumaoni]] || 2,003,783 || 0.195% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 41 || [[Dhundari language|Dhundhari]] || 1,871,130 || 0.182% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 42 || [[Ahirani language|Ahirani]] || 1,865,813 || 0.181% || [[Khandeshi language|Khandeshi]] |
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|- |
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| 43 || [[Kurukh language|Kurukh/Oraon]] || 1,737,044 || 0.169% || |
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|- |
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| 44 || [[Tulu language|Tulu]] || 1,720,422 || 0.167% || |
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|- |
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| 45 || [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] || 1,694,061 || 0.165% || |
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|- |
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| 46 || [[Meitei language|Meitei]] || 1,466,497 || 0.143% || |
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|- |
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| 47 || [[Surgujia language|Surgujia]] || 1,458,533 || 0.142% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 48 || [[Bagri language|Bagri Rajasthani]] || 1,434,123 || 0.139% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 49 || [[Bodo language|Bodo/Boro]] || 1,330,775 || 0.129% || |
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|- |
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| 50 || [[Banjari language|Banjari]] || 1,259,821 || 0.122% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 51 || [[Nagpuria language|Nagpuria]] || 1,242,586 || 0.121% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 52 || [[Surjapuri language|Surjapuri]] || 1,217,019 || 0.118% || Hindi |
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| 53 || [[Kangri language|Kangri]] || 1,122,843 || 0.109% || Hindi |
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|- |
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| 54 || [[Mundari language|Mundari]] || 1,046,951 || 0.102% || |
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|- |
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| 55 || [[Ho language|Ho]] || 1,037,987 || 0.101% || |
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|} |
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==संदर्भ== |
==संदर्भ== |
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{{संदर्भयादी}} |
{{संदर्भयादी}} |
१८:३८, १६ जानेवारी २०१८ ची आवृत्ती
List of languages by number of native speakers
Ordered by number of speakers as first language.
More than one million speakers
The 2001 census recorded 29 individual languages as having more than 1 million native speakers (0.1% of total population). The languages in bold are scheduled languages (the only scheduled language with less than 1 million native speakers is Sanskrit). The first table is restricted to only speaking populations for scheduled languages.
Language | First language speakers[२][३] |
First language speakers as a percentage of total population[४] |
Second language speakers[३] |
Third language speakers[३] |
Total speakers[५][३] | Total speakers as a
percentage of total population[४] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hindi[b] | 422,048,642 | 41.03 | 98,207,180 | 31,160,696 | 551,416,518 | 53.60 |
Bengali | 83,369,769 | 8.10 | 6,637,222 | 1,108,088 | 91,115,079 | 8.86 |
Telugu | 74,002,856 | 7.19 | 9,723,626 | 1,266,019 | 84,992,501 | 8.26 |
Marathi | 71,936,894 | 6.99 | 9,546,414 | 2,701,498 | 84,184,806 | 8.18 |
Tamil | 60,793,814 | 5.91 | 4,992,253 | 956,335 | 66,742,402 | 6.49 |
Urdu | 51,536,111 | 5.01 | 6,535,489 | 1,007,912 | 59,079,512 | 5.74 |
Kannada | 37,924,011 | 3.69 | 11,455,287 | 1,396,428 | 50,775,726 | 4.94 |
Gujarati | 46,091,617 | 4.48 | 3,476,355 | 703,989 | 50,271,961 | 4.89 |
Odia | 33,017,446 | 3.21 | 3,272,151 | 319,525 | 36,609,122 | 3.56 |
Malayalam | 33,066,392 | 3.21 | 499,188 | 195,885 | 33,761,465 | 3.28 |
English | 226,449 | 0.02 | 86,125,221 | 38,993,066 | 125,344,736 | 12.18 |
Sanskrit | 14,135 | <0.01 | 1,234,931 | 3,742,223 | 4,991,289 | 0.49 |
Rank | Language | 2001 census[६] (total population 1,028,610,328 ) |
1991 census[७] (total population 838,583,988) |
Encarta 2007 estimate[८] (worldwide speakers)
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Speakers | Percentage | Speakers | Percentage | Speakers | ||
1 | Hindi[९] | 422,048,642 | 41.1% | 329,518,087 | 39.29% | 366 M |
2 | Bengali | 83,369,769 | 8.11% | 69,595,738 | 8.30% | 207 M |
3 | Telugu | 74,002,856 | 7.19% | 66,017,615 | 7.87% | 69.7 M |
4 | Marathi | 71,936,894 | 6.99% | 62,481,681 | 7.45% | 68.0 M |
5 | Tamil | 60,793,814 | 5.91% | 53,006,368 | 6.32% | 66.0 M |
6 | Urdu | 51,536,111 | 5.01% | 43,406,932 | 5.18% | 60.3 M |
7 | Gujarati | 46,091,617 | 4.48% | 40,673,814 | 4.85% | 46.1 M |
8 | Kannada | 37,924,011 | 3.69% | 32,753,676 | 3.91% | 35.3 M |
9 | Malayalam | 33,066,392 | 3.21% | 30,377,176 | 3.62% | 35.7 M |
10 | Odia | 33,017,446 | 3.21% | 28,061,313 | 3.35% | 32.3 M |
11 | Punjabi | 29,102,477 | 2.83% | 23,378,744 | 2.79% | 57.1 M |
12 | Assamese | 13,168,484 | 1.28% | 13,079,696 | 1.56% | 15.4 M |
13 | Maithili | 12,179,122 | 1.18% | 7,766,921 | 0.926% | 24.2 M |
14 | Bhili/Bhilodi | 9,582,957 | 0.93% | |||
15 | Santali | 6,469,600 | 0.63% | 5,216,325 | 0.622% | |
16 | Kashmiri | 5,527,698 | 0.54% | |||
17 | Nepali | 2,871,749 | 0.28% | 2,076,645 | 0.248% | 16.1 M |
18 | Gondi | 2,713,790 | 0.26% | |||
19 | Sindhi | 2,535,485 | 0.25% | 2,122,848 | 0.253% | 19.7 M |
20 | Konkani | 2,489,015 | 0.24% | 1,760,607 | 0.210% | |
21 | Dogri | 2,282,589 | 0.22% | |||
22 | Khandeshi | 2,075,258 | 0.21% | |||
23 | Kurukh | 1,751,489 | 0.17% | |||
24 | Tulu | 1,722,768 | 0.17% | |||
25 | Meitei (Manipuri) | 1,466,705* | 0.14% | 1,270,216 | 0.151% | |
26 | Bodo | 1,350,478 | 0.13% | 1,221,881 | 0.146% | |
27 | Khasi | 1,128,575 | 0.11% | |||
28 | Mundari | 1,061,352 | 0.103% | |||
29 | Ho | 1,042,724 | 0.101% |
* Excludes figures of Paomata, Mao-Maram and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati district of Manipur for 2001.
** The percentage of speakers of each language for 2001 has been worked out on the total population of India excluding the population of Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of Senapati district of Manipur due to cancellation of census results.
100,000 to one million speakers
Rank | Language | 2001 census | |
---|---|---|---|
Speakers | Percentage | ||
30 | Kui | 916,222 | 0.089% |
31 | Garo | 889,479 | 0.086% |
32 | Tripuri | 854,023 | 0.083% |
33 | Lushai/Mizo | 674,756 | 0.066% |
34 | Halabi | 593,443 | 0.058% |
35 | Korku | 574,481 | 0.056% |
36 | Miri/Mishing | 551,224 | 0.054% |
37 | Munda | 469,357 | 0.046% |
38 | Karbi/Mikir | 419,534 | 0.041% |
39 | Koya | 362,070 | 0.035% |
40 | Ao | 261,387 | 0.025% |
41 | Savara | 252,519 | 0.025% |
42 | Konyak | 248,109 | 0.024% |
43 | Kharia | 239,608 | 0.023% |
44 | English | 226,449 | 0.022% |
45 | Malto | 224,926 | 0.022% |
46 | Nissi/Dafla | 211,485 | 0.021% |
47 | Adi | 198,462 | 0.019% |
48 | Thado | 190,595 | 0.019% |
49 | Lotha | 170,001 | 0.017% |
50 | Coorgi/Kodagu | 166,187 | 0.016% |
51 | Rabha | 164,770 | 0.016% |
52 | Tangkhul | 142,035 | 0.014% |
53 | Kisan | 141,088 | 0.014% |
54 | Angami | 132,225 | 0.013% |
55 | Phom | 122,508 | 0.012% |
56 | Kolami | 121,855 | 0.012% |
57 | Khond/Kondh[१०] | 118,597 | 0.012% |
58 | Dimasa | 111,961 | 0.011% |
59 | Ladakhi | 104,618 | 0.010% |
60 | Sema | 103,529 | 0.010% |
List of mother tongues by number of speakers
Each of the languages of the 2001 census subsumes one or more mother tongues. Speaker numbers are available for these mother tongues and they are also included in the speaker numbers for their respective language. The following table lists those mother tongues that have more than one million speakers. Per the General Notes from the 2001 census: "Mother tongue is the language spoken in childhood by the person’s mother to the person. If the mother died in infancy, the language mainly spoken in the person’s home in childhood will be the mother tongue."[११]
Rank | Mother tongue | 2001 census | Included in language | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Speakers | Percentage | |||
1 | Hindi | 257,919,635 | 25.071% | |
2 | Bengali | 82,462,437 | 8.016% | |
3 | Telugu | 73,817,148 | 7.176% | |
4 | Marathi | 71,701,478 | 6.970% | |
5 | Tamil | 60,655,813 | 5.896% | |
6 | Urdu | 51,533,954 | 5.009% | |
7 | Gujarati | 45,715,654 | 4.444% | |
8 | Kannada | 37,742,232 | 3.669% | |
9 | Bhojpuri | 33,099,497 | 3.217% | Hindi |
10 | Malayalam | 33,015,420 | 3.209% | |
11 | Odia | 32,110,482 | 3.121% | |
12 | Punjabi | 28,152,794 | 2.737% | |
13 | Rajasthani | 18,355,613 | 1.784% | Hindi |
14 | Magadhi/Magahi | 13,978,565 | 1.359% | Hindi |
15 | Chhattisgarhi | 13,260,186 | 1.289% | Hindi |
16 | Assamese | 12,778,735 | 1.242% | |
17 | Maithili | 12,178,673 | 1.184% | |
18 | Haryanvi | 7,997,192 | 0.777% | Hindi |
19 | Marwari | 7,936,183 | 0.771% | Hindi |
20 | Santali | 5,943,679 | 0.578% | |
21 | Malvi | 5,565,167 | 0.541% | Hindi |
22 | Kashmiri | 5,362,349 | 0.521% | |
23 | Mewari | 5,091,697 | 0.495% | Hindi |
24 | Khortha/Khotta | 4,725,927 | 0.459% | Hindi |
25 | Bhili/Bhilodi | 3,313,481 | 0.322% | |
26 | Bundeli/Bundelkhan | 3,072,147 | 0.299% | Hindi |
27 | Nepali | 2,867,922 | 0.279% | |
28 | Bagheli | 2,865,011 | 0.278% | Hindi |
29 | Pahari | 2,832,825 | 0.275% | Hindi |
30 | Lamani/Lambadi | 2,707,562 | 0.263% | Hindi |
31 | Awadhi | 2,529,308 | 0.246% | Hindi |
32 | Wagdi | 2,510,811 | 0.244% | Bhili |
33 | Gondi | 2,505,247 | 0.244% | |
34 | Harauti | 2,462,867 | 0.239% | Hindi |
35 | Konkani | 2,420,140 | 0.235% | |
36 | Dogri | 2,282,547 | 0.222% | |
37 | Garhwali | 2,267,314 | 0.220% | Hindi |
38 | Nimadi | 2,148,146 | 0.209% | Hindi |
39 | Sadan/Sadri | 2,044,776 | 0.199% | Hindi |
40 | Kumaoni | 2,003,783 | 0.195% | Hindi |
41 | Dhundhari | 1,871,130 | 0.182% | Hindi |
42 | Ahirani | 1,865,813 | 0.181% | Khandeshi |
43 | Kurukh/Oraon | 1,737,044 | 0.169% | |
44 | Tulu | 1,720,422 | 0.167% | |
45 | Sindhi | 1,694,061 | 0.165% | |
46 | Meitei | 1,466,497 | 0.143% | |
47 | Surgujia | 1,458,533 | 0.142% | Hindi |
48 | Bagri Rajasthani | 1,434,123 | 0.139% | Hindi |
49 | Bodo/Boro | 1,330,775 | 0.129% | |
50 | Banjari | 1,259,821 | 0.122% | Hindi |
51 | Nagpuria | 1,242,586 | 0.121% | Hindi |
52 | Surjapuri | 1,217,019 | 0.118% | Hindi |
53 | Kangri | 1,122,843 | 0.109% | Hindi |
54 | Mundari | 1,046,951 | 0.102% | |
55 | Ho | 1,037,987 | 0.101% |
संदर्भ
- ^ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. 17 September 2016 रोजी पाहिले.
- ^ ORGI. "Census of India: Comparative speaker's strength of Scheduled Languages-1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001".
- ^ a b c d S, Rukmini. "Sanskrit and English: there's no competition".
- ^ a b http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/India_at_glance/popu1.aspx
- ^ "Indiaspeak: English is our 2nd language - Times of India".
- ^ a b Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2000, Census of India, 2001
- ^ Comparative Speaker's Strength of Scheduled Languages -1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001, Census of India, 1991
- ^ "Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People – Table – MSN Encarta". Archived from the original on 2007-12-03. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=
ignored (सहाय्य) - ^ includes Western Hindi apart from Urdu, Eastern Hindi, Bihari languages except for Maithili, the Rajasthani languages, and the Pahari languages apart from Nepali and (in 2001) Dogri, whether or not the included varieties were reported as "Hindi" or under their individual names.
- ^ different from Kui language
- ^ Census Data 2001 General Notes
चुका उधृत करा: "lower-alpha" नावाच्या गटाकरिता <ref>
खूणपताका उपलब्ध आहेत, पण संबंधीत <references group="lower-alpha"/>
खूण मिळाली नाही.