भरतन (कलाकार)

विकिपीडिया, मुक्‍त ज्ञानकोशातून
ह्या लेखाचा/विभागाचा इंग्रजी किंवा अमराठी भाषेतून मराठी भाषेत भाषांतर करावयाचे बाकी आहे. अनुवाद करण्यास आपलाही सहयोग हवा आहे. ऑनलाईन शब्दकोश आणि इतर सहाय्या करिता भाषांतर प्रकल्पास भेट द्या.


भरतन
जन्म Did not recognize date. Try slightly modifying the date in the first parameter.
Engakkadu, Travancore, India
मृत्यू २९ जुलै, १९९८ (वय ५०)
चेन्नई
पेशा Director
कारकिर्दीचा काळ 1974 - 1997
जोडीदार KPAC Lalitha
अपत्ये Siddharth
पुरस्कार = Kerala State Film Awards
1975- Best Art Director (Prayanam)
1979- Best Art Director(Various Films)
1980- Director of Second Best Film(Chamaram)
1980- Best Art Director(Chamaram)
1981- Best Art Director(Chatta)
1982- Director of Best Film(Marmaram)
1982- Director of Second Best Film(Ormakkayi)
1982- Best Director(Various Films)
1982- Best Art Director(Ormakkayi)
1984- Best Art Director(Ithirippoove Chuvanna Poove)
1987- Director Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value(Oru Minnaminunginte Nurunguvettam)
1992- Director Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value(Venkalam)


Bharathan (मल्याळम: ഭരതന്‍) (14 November 1947 – 29 July 1998) was a Malayalam film director, artist, sculptor, poster designer and art director. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential filmmakers of Malayalam cinema, and also one of the most prolific. At the time of his passing, at the age of 51, he had directed more than 50 movies in several languages. He was born at Engakkadu near Wadakkancherry, in Thrissur district of Kerala, India.

Early career[संपादन]

After completing his diploma from the School of Fine Arts he entered the world of Cinema as an art director for Vincent, an accomplished director of the time and the movie was Ghandarva Kshetram. He got the inspiration from his uncle, P. N. Menon — a veteran film director. After working as an art director and assistant director for a few movies, he made his directorial debut in 1974 with Prayanam, based on Padmarajan’s script. The movie received the national award for the best regional film in that year. It also marked the rise of two early proponents of middle-stream Malayalam cinema.[१]

Style and themes[संपादन]

Bharathan's films were known for their realistic portrayal of rural life in Kerala. Melodrama and escapism, often an integral part of mainstream cinema in India, were usually absent in his films. He also managed to steer clear of the "star-centric" culture, prevalent in Indian cinema, throughout his career. His later films did involve major movie stars but usually without compromising on plot or narrative. Bharathan, along with Padmarajan and K. G. George were largely responsible for introducing a counter culture of meaningful mainstream cinema which often tread the middle path between art-house and commercial cinema. This movement was often called the "middle of the road cinema". Bharathan's films were known for their visually appealing shot compositions. His background as a painter enabled him to create frames that were often credited for their visual beauty. Natural props and nature itself often became important characters in his films (like the railway track in Paalangal, or the sea in Amaram). Bharathan is one of the few Indian directors known to use an elaborate story-board system for filming. He also often designed the posters for his films.

Several of his early films were known for their bold portrayal of sexual themes.His films often defied social conventions and norms about man-woman relationships. Rathinirvedam was the sexual-coming-of-age story of the relationship between a teenager and an older woman while Chaamaram dealt with the tumultuous affair between a student and his college lecturer. In Kaatathe Killikoodu an elderly, married Professor falls for his student. Kaathodu Kaathoram was about the social ostracism of a woman who has an adulterous relationship.

The latter half of Bharathan's career saw a distinct change in film making style characterized by a wider canvas,more attention to detail with more distinct focus on narrative style (e.g., Vaishali, Amaram, Thaazhvaaram, and Thevar Magan). Some critics argue that this quest for technical excellence was at the expense of the quality of thematic content. Films like Vaishali and Amaram (where he collaborated with acclaimed cinematographer Madhu Ambat) set a new benchmark for cinematographic excellence in Malayalam and Indian Cinema. Thaazhvaaram was stylistically inspired by Classic Hollywood Westerns though the theme and backdrop were distinctly original.

His last few films (Padheyam, Chamayam, Devaraagam) did not receive much critical acclaim or commercial success.

Film career[संपादन]

The director showed a penchant for brilliantly portraying rustic life in rural Kerala. Bharathan has directed over 50 films in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada. Starting his career in 1975 with Prayanam, Bharathan rode to fame with his off-beat Thakara, a film about a dumb-witted central character who falls in love with the village beauty. Some of his other memorable films include Rathinirvedam, Chamaram, Paalangal, Amaram, Vaishali and Alolam.[२]

He displayed a rare talent in treating sex without falling into vulgarity which was to later became the trademark of the so called Bharathan touch. His association with Padmarajan was the beginning of a golden era in malayalam cinema. Few more films came out from the duos partnership before Padmarajan became an independent director himself. Rathi Nirvedam and Thakara were the most noted among them with latter being considered one of his best.

Rathi Nirvedam was a sensitive treatment of teenage sexual angst. In Thakara, he deals with life and longings of a mentally retarded youth and his association with the society.

In the early eighties he made several notable movies like Chaamaram, Marmaram, Paalangal, Oormakkai, Kaatathe Killikoodu, and many more. They did well in theaters and set the trend for meaningful mainstream cinema. Other noted directors also followed suit. It was the romantic era of Malayalam cinema.

Not all of Bharathan's films skirted with bold themes and controversy. In Oru Minnaaminunginte Nurunguvettam (1987), he tells the poignant story of a childless couple in their post retirement life. The film deals with the isolation and loneliness that comes with old age. The film was a departure from Bharathan's usual style and proved to be a major commercial hit while garnering critical acclaim too.

His Vaisali (1998) is widely regarded as a modern day masterpiece in Malayalam cinema. Scripted by the iconic Malayalam novelist M. T. Vasudevan Nair, it was an adaptation of a sub-story told in the epic Mahabharatha. Another movie born from their association was Thazhvaram. The subject was revenge, a theme quite uncharacteristic of Bharathan movies.The style of the film was inspired by Classic Westerns with a brooding, reticent central character and expansive shots of barren landscape.

Even though he was not known to cater to the star-centric system, Bharathan was instrumental in bringing together the two screen icons of Tamil cinema Sivaji Ganesan and Kamal Hassan in the Tamil film Thevar Magan which won both critical acclaim and box office success.Sivaji gave an uncharacteristically restrained yet brilliant performance in the film. The movie was remade into many regional languages (most notably Virasat in Hindi) and bagged several national awards.

His more experimental films include Aaravam, more an arthouse than commercial venture, and Nidra, a film about the plight of a girl who is in love with a mentally deranged man.

His creativity was not confined to film direction. He also wrote lyrics and tuned songs for his films. (e.g., Keli; “Thaaram Valkannadi Nokki…")

Later life[संपादन]

Bharatan died at a private hospital in Madras on 29 July 1998 following prolonged illness. He was suffering from liver cirrhosis.

Trivia[संपादन]

1. The person who is sitting and painting in the song "Ente Swapnathin" which was picturised on KJ Yesudas in the film "Achani" was Bharathan.

2. The drawings in the cave supposedly drawn by Rishyasrungan in Vaishali was undoubtedly drawn by Bharathan.

चित्रपट कारकीर्द[संपादन]

Sl. No. Film Writer Music Cast Year
1 Prayanam P. Padmarajan M.B. Sreenivasan Mohan, Kottarakkara Sridharan Nair, Master Raghu, Lekshmi, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, Nanditha Bose 1975
2 Guruvayur Kesavan Puthur Unnikrishnan G. Devarajan Soman, Adoor Bhasi,Sankaradi, Bahadoor, Jayabharathy, Meena 1977
3 Aniyara Uroob (P.C. Kuttikrishnan) G Devarajan Soman, Bahadoor, Sankaradi,Urmila, Kaviyoor Ponnamma 1977
4 Rathinirvedham P. Padmarajan G. Devarajan Jayabharathi, Krishnachandran 1978
5 Thakara P. Padmarajan M. G. Radhakrishnan Nedumudi Venu, Surekha, Prathap Pothan 1979
6 Lorry P. Padmarajan M. S. Vishwanathan Achankunju, Balan K. Nair, Nithya ,Pratap Pothan 1980
7 Aravam Bharathan M.G.Radhakrishnan Prathap Pothan, Bahadoor, Venu Nagavally, K P A C Lalitha , Prameela 1980
8 Chamaram John Paul M. G. Radhakrishnan Pratap Pothan,Zarina Wahab 1980
9 Chatta PR Nathan Johnson Nedumudi Venu, Achankunju, Balan K Nair, Subha 1981
10 Parvathi adapted from the novel Adiyaravu by Kaakkanaadan Johnson Premnazeer, Rajkumar, Latha, K P A C Lalitha , Prameela 1981
11 Nidhra Bharathan G. Devarajan Vijay Menon, Abraham P K, Lalu Alex, K P A C Lalitha , Santhikrishna 1981
12 Parankimala adapted from the novel by Kaakkanaadan G. Devarajan Nedumudi Venu, Benny, Achankunju, Rani Padmini, Soorya 1981
13 Marmaram John Paul M. S. Vishwanathan Nedumudi Venu,Jalaja, Gopi 1982
14 Ormakkai John Paul Johnson Madhavi, Gopi 1982
15 Palangal John Paul Johnson Nedumudi Venu, Zarina Wahab,Gopi, KPAC Lalitha, Adoor Bhavani, Bahadur, Shankar 1982
16 Kattathe kilikoodu T.Damodaran Johnson Gopi, Sreevidya,Mohanlal, Revathi 1983
17 Eenam P. Padmarajan Bharathan Bharath Gopi, Venu Nagavally, Unni Mary, Santhikrishna 1983
18 Sandhya mayangum neram Bharathan Shyam Bharath Gopi, Jayabharathy, Unni Mary 1983
19 Ithiripoove Chuvannapoove adaptation of a drama by Thikkodiyan.script; T.Damodaran and John paul.

dialogues ;T.Damodaran

Ravindran Mammooty,Suresh,Rehman,Sobhana,Madhu,KR Vijaya 1984
20 Ente Upasana Based on a Novel by Mallika Younis Johnson Mammootty, Suhasini, Cochin Hanifa,Unnimary 1984
21 Kathodu kathoram John Paul Bharathan, Ouseppachan Mammootty, Saritha, Janardhanan, Nedumudi Venu,Innocent 1985
22 Ozhivukalam P. Padmarajan Johnson Prem Nazir, Karamana Janardhanan Nair 1985
23 Chilampu Based on a Novel by N.T Balachandran,Lyrics Bharathan Ouseppachan Rahman, Shobhana, Thilakan, Babu Antony debut , Innocent 1986
24 Pranamam Dennis Joseph Ouseppachan Mammooty, Ashokan, Suhasini,Vineeth 1986
25 Oru Minnaminunginte Nurunguvettam John Paul Johnson;Lyrics: O. N. V. Kurup Nedumudi Venu, Sharada,Parvathi,Devan,M. S. Thripoonithara, Innocent,Shankaraadi 1987
26 Neelakurinji poothapol John Paul Jerry Amaldev Karthika, Gireesh Karnad 1987
27 Vaishali M. T. Vasudevan Nair Bombay Ravi Lyrics: O. N. V. Kurup Suvarna debut , Sanjay debut , Babu Antony Geetha , Sreeraman,Parvati, Nedumudi Venu Camera Madhu Ambatt 1988
28 Oru sayahnathinte swapnam John Paul Ouseppachan Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair, Mukesh, Madhu, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, Suhasini 1989
29 Thazhvaram M. T. Vasudevan Nair Bharathan Mohanlal, Sumalatha, Salim Ghouse,Shankaradi, Anju Camera Venu 1990
30 Amaram A. K. Lohithadas Ravindran Mammootty, Maathu,Ashokan, Murali, KPAC Lalitha,Chitra Camera Madhu Ambatt 1991
31 Keli John Paul Bharathan Jayaram, Innocent, Nedumudi Venu,Murali,Charmila 1991
32 Thevarmagan Tamil Kamal Hassan Ilaiyaraaja Sivaji Ganeshan, Kamal Hasaan, Revathi,Gauthami,Nazar 1992
33 Avarampoo Tamil (Remake of Thakara) Story by Padmarajan.P Ilaiyaraaja Vineeth,Nazar 1992
34 Malootty John Paul Johnson Baby Shyamili,Urvashi, Jayaram 1992
35 Venkalam A. K. Lohithadas Ravindran KPAC Lalitha, Murali, Manoj K. Jayan, Urvashi,Soniya Innocent camera 1993
36 Chamayam John Paul Johnson Murali, Manoj K. Jayan,Sitara,Ranjitha,Saikumar 1993
37 Patheyam A. K. Lohithadas Bombay Ravi Mammootty as Chandradas, Chippi debut, Lalu Alex,Oduvil 1993
38 Devaragam Money Shornur M. M. Keeravani Aravind Swamy, Sreedevi,Chippi,Rawali,Kaveri,Priyanka 1996
39 Manjiradhwani Ilaiyaraaja Vineeth,Sakshi Sivanand 1996
40 Churam Shibu Chakravarthy Johnson Manoj K. Jayan, Divya Unni 1997

Awards[संपादन]

National Film Awards:

Kerala State Film Awards:

References[संपादन]

  1. ^ "संग्रहित प्रत". Archived from the original on 2011-05-25. 2010-04-29 रोजी पाहिले.
  2. ^ http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19980731/21250254.html

बाह्य दुवे[संपादन]